Houses with a flat roof: all the features and advantages of the design. 100 photos of projects of non-standard houses

Projects of houses with a flat roof are quite rare, they serve mostly as a decorative element of the building, on which you can organize an additionally exploited space. For example, a summer cafe, a swimming pool, a sauna, a garden area. Most often in construction for many reasons they use a pitched type of roof.

Original houses with a flat roof, which can be seen in the photo, thanks to modern waterproofing materials, installation techniques, are again gaining their relevance and relevance.

Summary of the article:

Pros and Cons of Flat Type Roofing

In the process of deciding on the construction of this type of roof, it is necessary to consider the advantages and disadvantages of the future structure.

The advantages include:

Effective protection against negative environmental influences;
Exclusive, original look;
Low costs, efforts in the construction process;
Long-term operation with no huge costs for its care;
The possibility of obtaining additional space, where you can even design a pool if you wish and financial opportunities;
Remarkable characteristics of heat and waterproofing.
Maintenance, inspection of important structural units is much easier to conduct than the pitched roof type;
The snow that accumulates in winter provides additional thermal insulation, so that a house with a roof of this type can be heated less.

Flat roofs nevertheless have a number of significant drawbacks:

Careless carrying out of waterproofing works threatens with leaks of the ceiling of the house with accumulation of water, melting snow, ice;
The internal drain runs the risk of freezing, clogging with garbage;
The outer layer needs to be cleaned of rotted foliage, snow drifts. And all this will have to be cleaned only by hand;
Not available for use. roofing materials sheet, piece type;
The technical condition of the insulation cannot be checked.
The waterproofing system is subjected to stress when snow melts, the formation of puddles on the surface of the roof, ice.

Many who have a direct roof have an ambiguous attitude to the attic floor, which is absent in this design. Both positive and negative. Depending on preference. Therefore, it is very important to consider the coating options before proceeding directly to roofing.

Classification

For a fairly simple design of a flat roof system in the process of its design, special skills are not needed. According to its characteristic features, it is customary to classify it according to the following types.

Exploited type of roof. During installation, a solid waterproofing layer is preserved, they achieve sufficient rigidity of the base. The insulation must be durable, resistant to stress. Covering - paving slabs.

Not exploitable type. Protection against negative environmental factors. It is equipped much easier, simpler, since there are no specific requirements for the rigidity of the foundation and thermal insulation. It may be a lightweight subtype, with more loyal requirements in terms of design, when external weather conditions do not put a significant load on the roof.

The roof is a classic type. An additional moisture protection of the insulation is carried out by laying the insulating layer on the foundation of the structure. Bituminous material is used for waterproofing.

Roof inversion type. It has a structure, like a mirror roof of the classical type.The waterproofing layer is located under the insulation, and not above it, as was planned in the previous design. The temperature difference from which the waterproofing is destroyed is minimal.

Lawn type. Purely decorative, with a layer of soil on top of the base of a flat roof, when the space on the roof is used as a flower garden or simply landscaped with curly, creeping plants.

You can also find flat roofs of a combined type, when green grass surrounds, for example, a summer cafe located on the roof of the house.

To effectively combat precipitation, there are 2 features in the roof structure:

Internal drainage, to protect the thermal insulation from moisture;
The discharge of water due to the natural features of a flat roof - a swing.

Design

At this stage, all the necessary calculations are made, the necessary design parameters, dimensions, amount of material used, its cost are determined. Each stage of the work is examined in detail. A detailed action plan is being drawn up.

Regardless of the number of storeys in the house, the design of modern flat roofs has its own characteristics:

A roof of this type can be called flat only conditionally, since there is still a slight slope (up to fifteen degrees) so that precipitation does not accumulate.

The roof of the flat type being exploited, while maintaining its geometry, is required to be ramped up to allow water to be drained from its surface, to preserve the integrity of the waterproofing layer, and to remove increased static and dynamic loads from it.

Step-by-step design is performed in the following sequence:

A draft sketch of a future design is made in the form of a sketch - geometry, dimensions. The load is calculated, which will affect the frame of the structure together with atmospheric influences.
The rafter structure is calculated in detail (cross-sectional area of the support beams, a step in the design of the lattice).
Thought over the design of ventilation and drainage.
Taking into account all measurements, the final drawings, schemes of the roof with all its elements are made.
An estimate is drawn up, which includes both the cost of building materials and the cost of the work.

At the same time, it is better not to chase the scenery, pay more attention to the functionality of the future building. It is important to note that single-storey type houses with a flat roof cannot be operated when a lightweight type roof is used in the construction process!

Flat roof construction process

When precipitation is small, a lightweight roof can be constructed. In fact, its construction resembles the erection of a classic flat design, only in a lightweight form with a number of specific features:

Support beams are mounted on load-bearing walls using through anchors. The whole structure rests on them.
When choosing supports, their cross-section is calculated according to the maximum snow load.
Continuous sheathing, fits without gaps from boards 25 mm thick.
Bonding of waterproofing layers on top of the crate using building tape or special glue.
Flooring of solid thermal insulation over water insulation using mounting foam to seal joints.
Creation of ventilation ducts to avoid moisture accumulation inside heat-insulating materials, impregnation with it.
Laying the top layer of the “roofing cake”.
If you plan to plant a green lawn, then an additional water-repellent layer is laid on which, in fact, the soil will be poured.

Demonstration is performed during the installation of the base with a cement screed, or in the process of flooring the insulation, manipulating its thickness.

In modern homes, when designing an operated flat roof, it is assumed that the roof, under the influence of external loads, will retain its external shape, without deflection.
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There are certain requirements for the construction of the foundation of such structures, which are recommended to strictly observe. In particular, the following methods are used to achieve the necessary rigidity of the base:

For the use of concrete slabs. The strength of the bearing walls should be with a sufficient margin so that the entire structure does not collapse!
The use of channels. T-beams and I-beams are also used. A solid wooden crate is placed on top of them.
Ceramic building blocks laid on support beams additionally provide good heat, hydro and sound insulation. High cost is their only drawback!

When erecting a roof, you need to understand that the period of its operation depends on the quality of the waterproofing work.

Looking at the catalogs of cottages with a flat roof, you can be pleasantly surprised by the variety of existing architectural projects. Definitely they differ from the tarred eyes of the mansion houses and tents. The light airiness of perception of such houses favorably emphasizes their exclusivity.

With modern technologies, private houses with a flat roof become an adornment, a demonstration of a refined taste, distinguishing them favorably from other similar houses that are already pretty boring.